Gymnastics Quizlet

Gymnastics is a sport that requires a high level of physical fitness, agility, balance, and coordination. It involves a series of exercises and maneuvers performed on various apparatuses, such as the floor, pommel horse, rings, vault, parallel bars, uneven bars, and horizontal bar. In addition, there are several types of routines that can be performed. The modern sport of gymnastics has its origins in ancient Greek games and practices, as demonstrated by Egyptian hieroglyphs, as well as by Roman circuses. In the 18th century, French and German schools began developing gymnastics as a competitive sport for men and women. In 1881 the Federation Internationale Gymnastique (FIG) was established to supervise international competition. The FIG World Championships were organized for men in 1903 and for women in 1934. In addition to judging and scoring gymnastics, the FIG also defines and regulates the rules of the sport.

The pommel horse is an event in which the gymnast swings both legs while standing on a horse-shaped apparatus. Typical pommel horse routines consist of both single leg and double leg work, as well as rotational skills like scissors and moores. They can also include straddle variations, such as a back walkover or a handstand, to make the routine more challenging. Generally, a pommel horse routine ends with the gymnast either dismounting by putting their feet on the ground or completing a handstand.

Rhythmic gymnastics is a sport in which female athletes compete individually or as groups. In individual competition, the gymnasts perform four separate routines using one of four apparatuses—ball, ribbon, hoop, clubs, and formerly rope—on a floor area. Groups compete as a pair or a trio with three of one apparatus and two of another. A routine is judged for difficulty, form, and presentation. The difficulty score can be affected by a variety of factors, including whether or not a gymnast completes a skill or connects the elements in a pass that was meant to be connected.

Vault is an event in which a gymnast jumps off of a vaulting board into various twisting and somersaulting combinations before landing. The highest possible score for a vault is ten points. In the vaulting event, there are two different competitions: the qualifying round and the finals. The qualifying round consists of two different runs; one a straight pass and the other a twisting pass, with both passes having an entry skill, typically a round-off, and ending with a whip. A gymnast’s score can be further altered by connection bonuses, where the gymnast connects a skill that was not originally planned to be connected, such as a front handspring into a back twist.

A handstand is a position in which the gymnast supports his or her body weight on the hands. It is a core element of the gymnastics, and is normally the first move taught to beginners. A basic handstand consists of placing the hands shoulder width apart and facing forward. The gymnast then tucks in his or her knees and pushes up on the hands to lift the hips into an inverted vertical position. The gymnast can then hold the handstand for a time, or use transition skills, such as a front tuck or a bridge.